Refrigerator pump



March 20, 1934; .v GlDEON 1,951,607

REFRIGERATOR PUMP Filed April 9, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 w ic az fakieozzMarch 20, 1934. v D O 1,951,607

REFRIGERATOR PUMP Filed April 9, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 0507 fad 0 MINEPatented Ma 20,1934

PATENT osmcs momma PUMP v 111-, Ma orto Bom- Ohioa'lo, 111.. a mm-Application April a, 193:, Serial No. 604,185

reunion. zoo-15a) v This invention relates to oscillating pumps iorhandling fluids such as refrigerants and has special reference to abalanced pump capable of high speed operation with mixtures of liquidsand I gases without liability-from liquid hammer.

Ithas heretofore been necessary to sharply distinguish between liquidand gaseous pumps because ofthe detrimental efi'ect or compressionclearances on the efllciency of the latter, a lack of such compressionclearance resulting in liquid hammer if the pumps were operated at highspeed while handling a refrigerant, for example, which carries entrainedliquid. It is accordingly an important object of this invention toprovide a pump capable of efficient high speed operation with mixturesof gases and liquids and one in which the pressures are balanced byeither parallel or compound operation of a plurality of oscillatingpumping elements. One advantage of the oscillatory type of pumpingapparatus disclosed is that the piston elements have a harmonic motionsimilar to that of a pendulum wherein the dual stage of the compressionstroke is provided by the decreasing velocity of the piston elementsversal point is also subject to accurate initial con trcl which can bemaintained in service to provide the minimum possible compressionclearance.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a balancedoscillatory pump wherein each direction of movement produces one or moredischarge strokes delivering either in parallel or in series, it being.desirable to compound the pump when working against high final pressuresin or der to reduce the nicety of fitting required to work against highpressure difierences.

It is another object of this invention to pro vide a pump of the classdescribed wherein the operation of the pump may be maintained at theinitial high emciency by relieving the pumping parts of wear byeliminating therefrom any necessity of acting as bearing surfaces formaintaining self alignment and to take up play in the till drivingconnecting rod while maintaining the.

original center distance thereof.

It is also an object of this invention to provide an improved andsimplified form or oscillatory pump that can be economicallymanufactured and that will maintain its original eiiiclency due oaccurate alignment of the pumping elements which are subject only tofluid loads while in operation. It is still another object of thisinvention to provide an improved and simplified oscillatory pump or theclass described which is self lubricatas they approach-the points ofreversal, This re take up wear therein without changing the coning withthe fluid being handled, which alsoserves to seal the pump shaft againstleakage.

Other and further important objects of this invention will be apparentfrom the disclosures in the specification and the accompanying drawcoings.

This invention (in a preferred'iorm) is illustrated in the drawings andhereinafter more fully described.

On the drawings: v

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pump embodying the features of thisinvention, together with its driving linkage.

Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical, longitudinal section thereof taken onthe line II-II of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged horizontal section on the line III-IE oi Figure1.

Figure 4 showing the pump vane in a different position is a section onthe line IV-IV of Figme 2.

Figure 5 is a section similar to Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a section showing a modified form of the invention arrangedas a two stage pump.

Figure 7 is a section showing another modiflcaw tion involvingfoul-stages.

As shown on the drawings:

The general type of pump may conveniently be termed oscillatory as thepumping elements swing back and forth over an arcuate path as 35distinguished from a completely rotary motion. Thus a shaft 10 isoscillated through a fixed angle hy means of a lever 11 and aconnecting-rod 12 engaged on crankpins 13, one of which is bolted to acrank disc 14 which may be rotated by any w convenient prime mover, suchfor example as an electric motor. The. lever 11 is connected to theconnecting rod by a second crankpln 13 shown in section in Figure 2, thebearing pin surface 15 thereof being i'rusto-oonical in form and engag-.ing in a complementary bearingsurface 16 in a bushing 17 which isclamped in an aperture in the rod 12 by a nut 18, a spring 19 beinginterposed between the nut and the end of bearing pin to maintain thesome seated in the bushing to 1m necting rod center distance. Since thepump acts in both directions there will be no tendency towards unequalwear which might change the center distance.

A casing 20 provides a journal 21 for the shaft 10 and a cylindricalrecess in one end of the cas ing, concentric with the shaft 10, formsthe pump chamber 22, being closed by a cover 23 bolted thereto. Theother end of the casing is provided 110 with an annular bolted-on flange24 through which the shaft projects, a diaphragm type of seal 25 beingclamped at its periphery between the flange 24 and the casing. Thediaphragm provides for movement of an inner ring 26 of,

the seal longitudinally of the shaft, this ring being held against acollar 27 on the shaft by the fluid pressure generated in the pump, aspiral groove 28 being cut in the pump shaft to convey the fluid to theseal as well as distribute the fluid over the shaft to lubricate thesame.

The shaft 10 carries a concentric hub 29 within the chamber 22, whichhub is diametrically slotted to receive a vane 30 which is oscillatedwithin the chamber 22 over a predetermined angle by the linkagepreviously described. Abutment members 31 and 32 are located between thehub 29 and the walls of the chamber 22 and are preferably keyed to thecover as shown at 33 in Figure 3. The member 31 in Figures 4 and 5 is onthe suction side and is held in place by a cap screw 34 inserted throughthe suction or inlet connection 35. Suction or inlet passages 36 leadfrom the inlet connection to the compression side of the vane when theends of the latter swing to the extreme right hand position shownat thetop of Figure 5.

Similarly, the member 32 is located on the discharge side and is held byanother cap screw 34 through the discharge or outlet connection 3'7. Thedischarge abutment contains discharge passages 38 leading therethrcughto the outlet, these passages containing valve seats 39 for disc valves40 backed by springs 41 and spring seats 42 threaded into the passages.The valve structure must be as light and quick acting as possible withthe minimum compression space between the valve and the edge of theabutment against which the vane acts. It the two sides of the pump actin parallel, as in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the discharge passages 38 can besiamese as shown in these figures, while for series or compound actionthe passages must have separate inlets and outlets as shown in Figures 6and 7.

The modification 01. Figure 6 involves a two stage pump differing fromthat previously described in that individual inlet connections 43 and 44lead into the upper and lower pumping chambers, and individual outletsare provided at 45 and 46, the inlet 43 being the initial or suctioninlet of the first stage, the corresponding outlet 45 being connected tothe inlet 44 of the second stage, the outlet 46 of which is the pumpdelivery connection. In this form the inlets are preferably sopositioned relative to the vane movements that one inlet is opened asthe other closes. This arrangement obviates the need oi an intermediatereservoir between the first stage outlet and the second stage inlet, andboth inlets are given the same relative timing to balance the worker thepump.

The modification of Figure '1 discloses a four stage pump wherein eachside of each end of the vane delivers a charge during its movement awayfrom the central position shown in the figure. In this form thedischarge passages 38 are shown as positioned in the cylinder wallalthough it is to be understood that the previously described outletabutment structure can be used if desired. Due to the sequence ofcompression strokes, if the connection 4'7 is chosen as the initialinlet, the corresponding outlet connection 48 delivers to the secondstage inlet 49 on the same side but opposite end oi. the vane, and thesecond stage outlet 50 delivers to the third stage inlet 51 on theopposite side of the same end of the-vane. The third stage outlet 52delivers to the fourth stage inlet 53, the fourth stage outlet 54 beingthe final pump delivery connection. It will be appreciated that if otherconditions make the change-desirable, any of the inlets can be chosenfor the, initial or suction inlet, in which case the sequence ofconnections is angularly shifted accordingly for a quadruple compoundcrank disc 14. The vane movement is intended to closely approach thesurfaces of the inlet and outlet abutments at the extreme or reversalpositions of the vane, the clearances being held to the minimum in thecase of a pump intended to handle gasses. Since the shaft 10 holds thevane hub and vane concentric with the cylinder 22, the operatingclearances may be set at the very minimum and will not be subject towear in service as would be the case with reciprocating er rotaryeccentric type of pumps. clearances can be set and will be maintained atthe very minimum, so that entrained liquids will serve to seal the pumpagainst loss of compression at normal operating speeds. Thus the pumpingefilciency'will be maintained during service since the pumping elementsare no more subject to wear than in a centrifugal type of pump althoughthe pump is a positive displacement type suitable for handling gases orliquids or mixtures thereof.

It will thus be seen that I have invented an improved and simplifiedpositive displacement oscillating pump that is especially suitable forhandling mixtures of gases and liquids without eventual loss ofefficiency due to wear therein.

I am aware that many changes may be made and numerous details ofconstruction may be varied through a wide range without departing fromthe principles of this invention, and I, therefore, do not purposelimiting the patent granted hereon otherwise than necessitated by theprior art.

I claim as my invention:

An oscillatory pump comprising an integral casing having an unobstructedcylindrical chamber therein, a vane in said cylinder oscillating aboutailxed axis concentric with the axis of said chamber, removable inletand outlet abutments inserted within said cylindrical chamber andoccupying the space therein outside the path of movement of said vane,outlet connections and valves located in the outlet abutment incommunication with an outlet passage through said casing wall, and inletconnections formed in the cylinder walls behind the inlet abutment, saidconnections overlapping the ends of the vane when in their extremeposition against the inlet abutment but not so overlapping when the vaneis VICTOR GIDEON.

Thus the

